a German novelist, short story writer, social critic, philanthropist, essayist, and the 1929 Nobel Prize in Literature laureate

a German geologist and paleontologist remembered as one of the most important contributors to geology in the first half of the nineteenth century.

a German dramatist and writer of poetry and prose, had it not been for his death at 23, he might have joined such central figures as Goethe and Schiller at the summit of their profession

a Danish chemist and astronomer. In 1911 Hertzsprung developed the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, independently developed in 1913 by Henry Norris Russell.

a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time.

a German chemist and recipient of the 1910 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on alicyclic compounds.