an English mathematician, known for achievements in number theory and mathematical analysis. In biology, for the Hardy–Weinberg principle, a basic principle of population genetics.

an English chemist, physicist and meteorologist. He is best known for introducing the atomic theory into chemistry, and for his research into colour blindness, which he had.

a French neurologist and professor of anatomical pathology. He is known as "the founder of modern neurology"

an English physicist, mathematician and brewer whose work led to the law of conservation of energy, which in turn led to the development of the first law of thermodynamics.

an English poet and literary critic. He is best known for his book of poetry The Angel in the House, a narrative poem about the Victorian ideal of a happy marriage.

a French chemist and one of the discoverers of bromine.