an Anglo-Irish novelist and Anglican cleric who wrote important novels, published sermons and memoirs, and indulged in local politics

a British chemist. He is particularly noted for early work on vanadium, photochemical studies, and his assistance in creating Oxo (food), in its earlier liquid form.

a German dramatist and novelist. He is counted among the most important promoters of literary naturalism,

a French artist, as a printmaker, illustrator, painter, comics artist, and sculptor. He is best known for his prolific output of wood-engravings, including 241 illustrating the Bible.

a British physician and scientist who pioneered the concept of vaccines including creating the smallpox vaccine, the world's first ever vaccine

a German mathematician, physicist, physician, and philosopher. He introduced the Tschirnhaus transformation and is considered by some to have been the inventor of European porcelain,