a French painter and founder of impressionist painting who is seen as a key precursor to modernism, especially in his attempts to paint nature as he perceived it

a Russian physicist of Baltic German descent who is most noted for formulating Lenz's law in electrodynamics in 1834

a Dutch artist, who practiced painting, writing, poetry and architecture. He is best known as the founder and leader of De Stijl.

an English writer, known for his plays, novels and short stories. He became a medical student in London and qualified as a physician in 1897.

a French novelist and art critic most famous for the novel À rebours (1884), published in English as Against the Grain or Against Nature).

a 19th-century German Romantic landscape painter, generally considered the most important German artist of his generation.